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題名: Catharsis as Persuasion—An Enthymematic Approach to the Aristotelian Tragedy
「淨化」作為「說服」──以修辭推論探究亞里斯多德的悲劇論
作者: Tsai, Jen-Chieh
關鍵詞: Rhetoric;Poetics;Epideictic;Catharsis;Enthymeme;Emotion
修辭;詩學;禮節修辭;淨化;修辭推論;情緒
日期: 2012-03
上傳時間: 2012-11-22T04:33:40Z
出版者: 彰化師範大學文學院
摘要: Although critics such as Jeffery Walker and Thomas Cole have elaborated on the
correspondence between rhetoric and poetics by way of Aristotle, studies devoted to the
Aristotelian tragedy have been inattentive to the interrelatedness between rhetorical
persuasion and tragic catharsis. Therefore, this paper purposes to argue that catharsis is a
concept integral to how Aristotle conceives of rhetoric by way of dialectic. In other words,
with all its emotive connotations, catharsis is profoundly a logical notion: ideally,
playwrights of tragedy arouse and purge pity and fear under the aegis of reason. Of
particular concern is the role of the rhetorical enthymeme (an informal syllogism) in
achieving cathartic effect. Aristotle’s endeavor to solemnize poetic creations thus
crystallizes. This paper then clarifies the status of poetics in the Greek rhetorical tradition,
expounds the relation of the Aristotelian tragedy to logic, and specifically explores the
enthymematic reasoning that underlies catharsis. Such a rhetorical approach may
contextualize Aristotle’s catharsis in a historicized framework and supplement related
studies that have long been confined to elusive interpretations such as purgation,
purification, and clarification.
雖然批評家如沃克(Jeffrey Walker)及柯爾(Thomas Cole)等人，已就亞里斯多德
(Aristotle)的思想推敲修辭(rhetoric)與詩學(poetics)之間呼應之處，對其悲劇論的討
論，卻未曾留意到修辭說服(persuasion)與悲劇淨化(catharsis)的互聯性。因此，本
文旨在申論，淨化的概念與亞氏藉由辯證(dialectic)理解修辭的思考路徑，原為一
致。即便此概念涉及情意相關的外延，在根本上仍為一邏輯體：理想上，劇作家須
能在理性的庇護下，勾起並排除悲憫及恐懼的情緒。當中，特別需要注意的是在此
淨化效應下修辭推論(enthymeme，即不完整的三段式論證法)的角色。亞式企圖莊
嚴化文藝創作的嘗試因而極為明顯。準之，本文將先論及在希臘修辭傳統裡詩學的
狀況，再闡明亞氏悲劇論的邏輯面向，並明確探討淨化作用所蘊含的修辭推論運作。
這樣的修辭取徑可在一具歷史縱深的框架中，脈絡化亞式的淨化說，以及增補傳統
上對淨化較為難以捉摸的種種詮釋。
關聯: 彰化師範大學文學院學報, 5: 113-128
顯示於類別:[文學院學報] 第五期

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