| 摘要: | 自然公園の属性は都市公園と異り,レクリエーション利用は自然の回復力の範囲で行うべきであり,公園の管理者は環境に対する影響を確認しつつ管理することが重要である。戸外レクリエーション活動は,しばしば公園に悪い影響を与えることがある.このレクリエーションに伴うインパクトを解決するため,1980年代中半頃に,許容できる変化の限界(L.A.C.)という考え方がアメリカで生まれ,最近その考え方がレクリエーションインパクトの管理対策でとり入れられるようになった.本研究は,台湾の墾丁国家公園を研究対象に,アンケートにより,観光客と管理者のレクリエーションインパクトに対する評価を確認し,許容できるインパクトの限界を判断しようとしたものである.その結果,①L.A.C理論は新しい公園管理理論として活用できる.② 特に公園の特定部分の管理には適していることが示唆された.しかし,③ 管理者と観光客が評価指標や管理措置等に対し,常に一致しているわけではない.また,④ 不一致点の処理方法に関し、適切な方法が示されていない.さらに,⑤ アンケートなどに要する時間と経費はかなりのものが予測され,これらが弱点として判明し,改良すべき課題であることも明らかになった.
The attributes of a National Park are different from a city park, and its recreational use should follow the principle of nature source preservation. Therefore, environmental impact monitoring and management are extremely important for park managers. In 1980's, experts and scholars in the U.S. developed some models for solving the problems of recreational impacts, titled as the " Limits of Acceptable Change" (L. A. C.. in brief) and hoped to fulfill two major management objectives-sustainable resource use and satisfaction of visitors' experiences. Keng-Ting National Park was selected as the stu d y area in this research. The data of visitors' and managers' perceptions of recreation resource impact and their attitudes toward management measures were collected by using questionnaire survey on site. Based on the data analyzed, impact indicators and their limits of acceptable changes could be identified. Some important findings of this research included:Visitors and managers not only could perceive recreational impact but also could make judgments on the degree to which the impact was acceptable. Visitors' and managers' perceptions of recreation resource impacts were different, and the limits of acceptable impacts were also different. It could indicate that communication through visitor participation is needed before any management decision is made. The assumptions underlying the L.A.C. model have been verified by this study. The operation of these two models in Taiwan's national parks could be feasible. L.A.C. model emphasize the participation of visitors, managers and other concerned groups, this research has attempted to provided a recreation impact management model for managers' references in their decision making process on environment monitoring and management strategy selection. |
