| 摘要: | 本研究主要針對台中縣市任教年資五年以上的國民中學教師工作壓力及因應策略加以研究，以期能瞭解教師工作壓力之情形，並尋求壓力因應之道。本研究採用質化取向的研究方法，經由文獻探討、深度訪談及文件資料的蒐集，得到以下結論：
教師的工作壓力來源包含，行政工作、工作負荷、專業知能、人際關係、自我發展及社會期待六個層面，其中以「工作負荷」及「人際關係」層面，受訪者感受到較大的工作壓力。教師面對工作壓力的因應方式可歸納成：理性分析、尋求支持、問題解決、情緒調適及延宕逃避等五種策略，其中以「尋求支持」及「情緒調適」等策略，受訪者使用最多，而以「延宕逃避」策略受訪者使用最少。
綜合研究結果與發現，本研究提出下述建議：教師要做好每日工作安排與時間規劃，依工作的輕重緩急，依序處理。若覺得有工作壓力時，勿壓抑自己，要掌握資源，善加運用支援系統，多請教學校資深教師，吸取寶貴經驗，建立和諧人際關係，培養多方面興趣，適當運動及休閒活動，作好情緒管理與調適並從事能使自己放鬆的活動，以紓解工作壓力促進身心健康。
關鍵詞：國民中學教師、教師工作壓力、壓力因應策略。
The study mainly aimed at the work stress and the strategies of the teachers who work for more than five years in junior high schools in Taichung City and County. So its purpose was to understand the real situation and find the ways to reduce teachers’ stress. The research adopted qualitative inquiry methodology. By studying the cultural heritage, proceeding in-depth interviews, and collecting the document data, we got the following conclusions :
The work stress of the teachers came from six originals, including the administration responsibility, work load, competence, social interaction, ego development, and the society expectation. And among them, “work load” and “social interaction” brought most of the interviewees more stress. And few of the interviewees use the strategy of eluding or delaying their problems.
When the teachers faced their stress, they often used the five strategies : analyzing reasonably, searching support, resolving the problems, adjusting their emotion, and eluding or delaying their problems. Most of the interviewees preferred to look for support and adjust their emotion, and few of them eluded or delayed their problems.
According to the reseacher’s outcomes and findings, the study refered to the suggestions for the teachers as following: you must make a good work schedule management , and use your time well. Also, be sure to know what your priorities are. If you have the feeling of the work stress, do not suppress yourself. You’d better hold helpful resources, use the manpower around you, Use the supportive systems well to get their precious experience from the experienced teachers, establish harmonious social interaction, cultivate all different kinds of interest in many aspects , participate exercise and recreational activities, manage and adjust your emotion well, and work on the activity that can make yourself relax so that you can release work stress to promote the health of body and mind.
Keywords: Junior high teacher; Teacher work stress; Stress coping strategy. |
